Publications

Whilst the politicization of the EU has been increasingly studied over recent years, the analysis has been focusing mainly on political parties and media. Thus, although not completely overlooked, studies looking at EU politicization amongst individuals remain scarce. This article presents a new qualitative dataset from 21 focus groups conducted across social groups and four countries. It was designed to observe processes of (de-)politicization at citizens' level, how they talk about the EU and along which cleavages are their attitudes structured. This comparative research design sheds new light on discourses and opinions on Europe, mechanisms of politicization and political discussions.

The study "Présumé.e innocent.e ? Étude sur la détention préventive en Côte d'Ivoire" was co-authored by CERDAP², FIACAT and ACAT-CI, as part of the implementation of the project to combat unjustified preventive detention supported by the European delegation in Côte d'Ivoire. While international human rights protection texts do not prohibit the use of preventive detention, they do remind us that freedom is the rule and confinement the exception. In 2014, the Commissioner to the ACHPR and Special Rapporteur on Prisons and Conditions of Detention in Africa made this observation: "Pretrial detainees are often in the shadow of the criminal justice system because their detention and treatment are not subject to the same levels of oversight as convicted prisoners. Prisoners on remand are subjected to conditions of detention that fail to respect their right to life and dignity, and are vulnerable to human rights violations". It is therefore the legal and material conditions governing this practice that need to be studied. Legal analysis cannot dispense with that of the social representations of preventive detention, nor of the judicial practices inherent in its quasi-systematic use. Consideration of all the issues associated with pre-trial detention therefore requires us to place them within a broader reflection on the meaning of penal reform, and to question prison as a political project. The study has thus put into perspective the dynamics on which local players are likely to be able to draw in order to extend and perpetuate their actions in favor of respect for judicial guarantees.

Vincent Tournier, Vincent Eltschinger, and Marta Sernesi (eds.). 2020. Archaeologies of the Written: Indian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies in Honour of Cristina Scherrer-Schaub. Naples: Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale" (Series Minor, LXXXIX).Excavations of the Adhālaka Great Shrine (MIA adhālaka-mahācetiya) at Kanaganahalli, between 1993 and 1999, have uncovered a wealth of sculptural and epigraphic remains that undeniably make it one of the most significant discoveries for the history of Buddhism in India in the last decades. Since the publication in 2013 of the excavation report in the Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, the bibliography focusing on the site has steadily kept growing. With the edition of the Kanaganahalli inscriptions whose documentation was available to him, Oskar von Hinüber has laid the ground for a systematic study of their contents. The present remarks aim at addressing a point touched briefly upon by the editor, namely the monastic order or orders (nikāya) to which the Buddhist monks and nuns active at the site belonged. This issue is of crucial importance, not only as a means to reconstruct Kanaganahalli's place in the institutional landscape of early Buddhism, but also because this information may shed light on the scriptural traditions that were in circulation at the site. This paper presents an edition and detailed analysis of the two inscribed objects containing explicit mentions of monastic orders, as well as related material from the site and from the Krishna river basin. This investigation establishes that monastic members of the Kaurukulla nikāya (closely related to the Saṁmitīyas), as well as members of-or lay donors devoted to-the Mahāvinaseliya nikāya, were both present at and around the Adhālaka Great Shrine. These two lineages stemmed from opposite parts of the Sātavāhana domain, namely Lāṭa in present-day Gujarat and the region of Dhānyakaṭaka (mod. Amaravati) in Āndhra. Members of the Kaurukulla nikāya, in particular, seem to have played a prominent role in the renovation of the site in the 2nd century CE. This said, as is also suggested by the scrutiny of coeval record from Amaravati, the quest for a univocal "school affiliation" of monuments may conceal much of the complex religious, political, and economic dynamics at work in each individual context.

Vincent Tournier, Vincent Eltschinger, and Marta Sernesi (eds.). 2020. Archaeologies of the Written: Indian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies in Honour of Cristina Scherrer-Schaub. Naples: Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale" (Series Minor, LXXXIX). Excavations of the Adhālaka Great Shrine (MIA adhālaka-mahācetiya) at Kanaganahalli, between 1993 and 1999, have uncovered a wealth of sculptural and epigraphic remains that undeniably make it one of the most significant discoveries for the history of Buddhism in India in the last decades. Since the publication in 2013 of the excavation report in the Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, the bibliography focusing on the site has steadily kept growing. With the edition of the Kanaganahalli inscriptions whose documentation was available to him, Oskar von Hinüber has laid the ground for a systematic study of their contents. The present remarks aim at addressing a point touched briefly upon by the editor, namely the monastic order or orders (nikāya) to which the Buddhist monks and nuns active at the site belonged. This issue is of crucial importance, not only as a means to reconstruct Kanaganahalli's place in the institutional landscape of early Buddhism, but also because this information may shed light on the scriptural traditions that were in circulation at the site. This paper presents an edition and detailed analysis of the two inscribed objects containing explicit mentions of monastic orders, as well as related material from the site and from the Krishna river basin. This investigation establishes that monastic members of the Kaurukulla nikāya (closely related to the Saṁmitīyas), as well as members of-or lay donors devoted to-the Mahāvinaseliya nikāya, were both present at and around the Adhālaka Great Shrine. These two lineages stemmed from opposite parts of the Sātavāhana domain, namely Lāṭa in present-day Gujarat and the region of Dhānyakaṭaka (mod. Amaravati) in Āndhra. Members of the Kaurukulla nikāya, in particular, seem to have played a prominent role in the renovation of the site in the 2nd century CE. This said, as is also suggested by the scrutiny of coeval record from Amaravati, the quest for a univocal "school affiliation" of monuments may conceal much of the complex religious, political, and economic dynamics at work in each individual context.

The study "Présumé.e innocent.e ? Étude sur la détention préventive en Côte d'Ivoire" was co-authored by CERDAP², FIACAT and ACAT-CI, as part of the implementation of the project to combat unjustified preventive detention supported by the European delegation in Côte d'Ivoire.While international human rights protection texts do not prohibit the use of preventive detention, they do remind us that freedom is the rule and confinement the exception. In 2014, the Commissioner to the ACHPR and Special Rapporteur on Prisons and Conditions of Detention in Africa made this observation: "Pretrial detainees are often in the shadow of the criminal justice system because their detention and treatment are not subject to the same levels of oversight as convicted prisoners. Prisoners on remand are subjected to conditions of detention that do not respect their right to life and dignity, and are vulnerable to human rights violations", so it is the legal and material conditions governing this practice that need to be studied. The legal analysis cannot do without that of the social representations of pre-trial detention, nor of the judicial practices inherent in its quasi-systematic use.Consideration of all the issues linked to pre-trial detention therefore requires them to be placed within a broader reflection on the meaning of penal reform, and to question prison as a political project.The study has thus put into perspective the dynamics on which local actors are likely to be able to draw in order to extend and perpetuate their actions in favour of respect for judicial guarantees.

In many cases, religion is less the object of direct reference than of culturalization. Such is the case with the invocation of Europe's Christian identity by many populists: it is less a matter of belief than of belonging. This "strategic" use of religion is carefully analyzed, drawing on the experiences of Austria, Italy and Russia.

Whilst the politicization of the EU has been increasingly studied over recent years, the analysis has been focusing mainly on political parties and media. Thus, although not completely overlooked, studies looking at EU politicization amongst individuals remain scarce. This article presents a new qualitative dataset from 21 focus groups conducted across social groups and four countries. It was designed to observe processes of (de-)politicization at citizens' level, how they talk about the EU and along which cleavages are their attitudes structured. This comparative research design sheds new light on discourses and opinions on Europe, mechanisms of politicization and political discussions.

In many cases, religion is less the object of direct reference than of culturalization. Such is the case with the invocation of Europe's Christian identity by many populists: it is less a matter of belief than of belonging. This "strategic" use of religion is carefully analyzed, drawing on the experiences of Austria, Italy and Russia.